If your joint is painful, take ordinary painkillers such as paracetamol or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs NSAIDs such as ibuprofen. Physiotherapy can be helpful if you have difficulty moving the affected joint. Your GP may be able to refer you to a physiotherapist, or you may choose to pay for private treatment.
A physiotherapist can teach you exercises to help strengthen the muscles surrounding or supporting your joint. This may help reduce pain and pressure on the joint. Physiotherapy can also be useful when you're recovering from the surgical procedures described below. Severe cartilage damage does not tend to heal very well on its own, so surgery is often necessary in these cases.
Surgery is usually performed using arthroscopy — a type of keyhole surgery where instruments are inserted into the joint through small cuts incisions — although sometimes larger incisions need to be made. Injury or trauma, including sports injuries or repetitive use of the joint Congenital abnormalities — abnormalities a person is born with for instance misalignment — that affect normal joint structure Hormonal or idiopathic disorders that affect bone and joint development, such as osteochondritis dissecans OCD.
There are several types of new and modern procedures for cartilage repair and regeneration techniques that are designed to heal the cartilage by filling the cartilage defect pothole with repair tissue. There are several types of bone and joint pain, each with many potential sources or etiologies.
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The person then goes to surgery where the damaged cartilage is removed and replaced with the newly grown cartilage. A surgeon also performs other repairs. Because this approach requires multiple surgical procedures, doctors usually only perform it on younger individuals who have a single injury that is 2 centimeters or greater.
This surgical technique involves removing damaged cartilage and then making small holes just beneath the cartilage in an area of bone known as the subchondral bone. This creates a new blood supply that will ideally stimulate healing. The drilling approach is similar to microfracture. It involves making small holes in the subchondral area as a means of stimulating healing and new cartilage growth by increasing blood supply. This approach involves taking a piece of healthy cartilage from a non-weight-bearing area of the body and applying it to a damaged area.
This type is usually only used on a small area of damage because a surgeon cannot take an excess of healthy tissue. Unlike the other tissue grafts, an allograft comes from a cadaver donor, not the person themselves. The allografts can usually treat larger areas of injury than an autograft. Although doctors can perform these procedures to promote healing, the cartilage may grow at a slow rate.
Doctors will likely recommend physical therapy and other techniques in the meantime to promote mobility. Researchers are exploring new ways of healing and treating damaged cartilage besides increasing blood supply and performing cartilage grafts. Examples include trying to use stem cells to grow into healthy cartilage and attempting to create a microgel like the matrix that nourishes cartilage.
However, these approaches are still in the clinical trial stages and will take time and testing before new techniques emerge. Costochondritis is an inflammation of the cartilage in the rib cage.
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